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\(\alpha /\beta\) rate

A

\(\alpha /\beta\) ratio

The \(\alpha /\beta\) ratio is the indicator of the curvature of the cell growth curve, and a tissue or tumor sensitivity indicator in dose fractionation. The \(\alpha /\beta\) ratio is the dose value when the first-order term and the second-order component of cytotoxicity are the same. 

absorbed dose
Basic dose, which is the quotient of average energy \(d\bar{\varepsilon }\) given to the mass dm, divided by dm, represented by \[D=\frac{d\bar{\varepsilon }}{dm}\]. The SI unit for absorbed dose is (J kg^{-1}), specially named as Gray (Gy).
active(red) bone marrow
Tissue producing blood cells in bones. The organ system marrow has the cell system for producing blood cells from pluripotent hematopoietic stem cells to mature blood cells.
activity
The expected number of times of nuclear transformation per unit time in a specific amount of a substance. The SI unit of radioactivity is S-1, which is specially referred to as Becquerel (Bq).
Activity Median Aerodynamic Diameter
The aerodynamic diameter value when 50% of airborne activity in a given aerosol is from particles greater than the AMAD (Activity Median Aerodynamic Diameter). In particular, the value is used for particles with an AMAD greater than about 0.5 μm of which deposition is mainly by the inertia attachment and sedimentation.
adaptive response
Cellular responses after an exposure to increase the resistance of the cells to subsequent radiation exposure.
aerodynamic diameter
The diameter of the spherical particle with a specific weight of 1 and the same terminal velocity in the air as the particle of interest.
ambient dose equivalent
The dose equivalent at a point in a radiation field, wherein the dose equivalent is produced at a depth of 10 mm in the International Commission on Radiation Units and Measurements (ICRU) sphere in an aligned and expanded radiation field in the direction opposite to the aligned radiation field. The unit of ambient dose equivalent is (Jkg-1), which is specially referred to as Sievert (Sv).
annual intake
The amount of a specific radioactive nucleus entering into the body in a year through eating or inhalation.